https://journal.imbspa.org/ Iranian Journal of Motor Behavior and Sport Psychology en daily 1 Tue, 23 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Tue, 23 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://journal.imbspa.org/article_237810.html The COVID-19 global crisis has left profound psychological impacts on various social groups, in addition to its physical consequences, many of which have persisted into the post-COVID era. Among the consequences of this crisis are its psychological effects on individuals' mental health, which require careful examination. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare psychological readiness, perceived stress, and affect in the psychological well-being of female students in the post-COVID era. The statistical population of this study included 200 female students from Yazd University, aged 19-22 years, who were selected through convenience sampling and completed three questionnaires: the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule , Psychological Readiness, and Perceived Stress Scale. Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SPSS version 24, with a significance level of 0.05. The results indicated a significant difference between the two groups of students—those who had contracted COVID-19 in the four months prior to the study and those who had not—in the variables of perceived stress and psychological readiness. However, no significant difference was observed in affect and its subscales between the two groups. These findings suggest that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on students' stress and psychological readiness persists, while their basic emotions have remained somewhat resilient and stable in the face of this psychological crisis. Thus, these results highlight the importance of addressing stress and psychological readiness in assessing the mental health of students. https://journal.imbspa.org/article_240844.html In the last two decades, research on educational models used in school physical education has expanded. The aim of the present study is to investigate the improvement of students' knowledge structure through the use of nonlinear hybrid education models in the form of native-local games. This study was an interventional, semi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was girls students aged 10-11 in Tabriz city, who were selected using purposive sampling method and randomly divided into four groups: constraint-based, teaching games for understanding, mix of constraint-based approach and teaching games for understanding, and traditional group. The subjects practiced for 12 weeks, 3 one-hour sessions per week according to their group's educational approach and in the form of native-local games. The Knowledge Structures Assessment Questionnaire was used to measure the dependent variable. The data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance and independent t-test. The within-group results showed that all four linear and nonlinear education groups improved knowledge structure. The between-group results showed that the effectiveness of the mix nonlinear education model was greater than each education model alone and linear education. Therefore, it is suggested that teachers and trainers, while examining the effect of nonlinear education on children's knowledge structure, use mix education models based on nonlinear principles instead of linear education to improve this skill. https://journal.imbspa.org/article_241788.html The aim of study was to investigate the predictive role of academic resilience and mental health in the academic enthusiasm of physical education students at the University of Baghdad. This study is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data type. The statistical population included 720 physical education students at the University of Baghdad in the academic year 2024-2025, of which 256 were selected as a sample through the Morgan table through the proportional stratified random sampling method. Fredericks, Blumenfeld, and Paris (2004) Academic Enthusiasm Questionnaires, Samuels (2004) Academic Resilience Questionnaires, and Goldberg and Hiller (1979) Mental Health Questionnaires were used. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by subject matter experts using content validity methods, and its reliability was estimated to be 0.84, 0.77, and 0.89, respectively, using the Cronbach's alpha method. The results of the study showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of academic resilience and academic enthusiasm of students (r=0.51 and P=0.001), mental health and academic enthusiasm (r=0.41 and P=0.001), and academic resilience and mental health (r=0.63 and P=0.001). Also, academic resilience and mental health explain a total of 53% of the variance of academic enthusiasm scores. The variables of academic resilience (p=0.001, β=0.464) and mental health (p=0.001, β=0.321) are able to predict academic enthusiasm positively and significantly., designing and implementing programs to improve academic resilience and regular screening of students' mental health are suggested as operational strategies to increase their academic enthusiasm.